There are many ways to play your favorite video games, but the best is playing on a big screen using a 4K projector in your own home.
That’s why 4K gaming projectors have become so popular in the last few years. You can get a full HD experience with crisp pictures with excellent contrast.
This article provides you with the top 7 picks for a 4k projector for gaming. It also provides an in-depth description of each projector.
The projectors, that we’ve selected to review, are well in their performance, and you can expect great picture quality, so you can ready to enjoy your favorite games at your home with your friends and family.
Before going to the review section, also you can find below a buying guide to get to know about the various factors to pick the best 4K Projector for your gaming need.
Best 4K Projector For Gaming: Buyer’s Guide
You can definitely enjoy your favorite movies and games with a 4K projector. But before going to purchase the right 4K projector you must know about some technical points and what they mean. So, here are our buying guide to provide short info about these points. Let’s explore now.
5 Key Points To Remember:
First: Consider The Resolution Requirement
When we talk about the resolution, it ensures to get the best possible picture quality for your gaming experience. So, when you are planning the 4K projector to increase your gaming experience, it is recommended that you should look for projectors that support a resolution of at least 3840 x 2160 pixels. With this level of resolution, you get the best possible picture quality for your gaming experience.
Second: Check For HDR Capability
High Dynamic Range (HDR) is a feature that allows a projector to display a wider range of colors and brightness levels, resulting in a more immersive gaming experience. Look for projectors with HDR capability, which will provide a more vibrant and lifelike picture. HDR10 is the most commonly supported HDR format, but some projectors also support Dolby Vision, which provides an even wider color gamut.
Third: Consider More Brightness Level
Brightness is another important factor to consider when choosing a 4K projector for gaming. The brightness of a projector is measured in lumens, and you’ll want a projector with at least 2,000 lumens of brightness for use in a dark room. If you plan on using your projector in a brightly lit room, look for a projector with a brightness of at least 3,000 lumens.
Fourth: Check For Input Lag Before Pick
Input lag refers to the delay between when you press a button on your controller and when the action is displayed on the screen. In fast-paced games like first-person shooters, input lag can be a significant issue, so it’s important to choose a projector with low input lag. Look for projectors with an input lag of less than 20ms for the best gaming experience.
Fifth: Go With For Higher Contrast Ratio
The contrast ratio is the difference between the brightest and darkest parts of an image. A higher contrast ratio means a more dynamic and lifelike image. Look for a projector with a contrast ratio of at least 100,000:1 for the best possible picture quality.
A Word On 4K
In the world of screen resolution, the term 4K means, 4000 horizontal pixels. A resolution in the screen determines how many pixels are present in an entire screen. It can be denoted as Horizontal x Vertical resolution.
For example, in 4K or 3840 x 2160 resolution, there are 3840 pixels available horizontally, which is approx 4K pixels. By using a projector that can display 4K resolution you can get vivid and sharper content while you playing your favorite video games. So, with a 4K projector, you can enjoy your favorite movies and TV shows in glorious 4K resolution.
Explore More:
- What is a 4K Projector? How to Find the Perfect 4K Projector?
- Best Projector Under $2000 in 2023 [4K Enabled]
- Best 4K Projector Under 1500 – Top 10 Picks in 2023
- Best Ultra Short Throw Projectors
Best 4K Projector For Gaming: In-depth Review
Now, In our review section, we’re going to be reviewing some of the best 4K projectors for gaming, along with their specs, key features, pros, and cons, including the XGIMI Aura 4K, Epson Home Cinema LS11000, BenQ TH685i, and the Optoma GT1080HDR. So, Let’s begin with the first projector.
Note: All the Projectors listed here are equally best in their performance and you can buy any of them according to your need. The product prices and availability are subject to change.
#1. BenQ TH685i 1080p Gaming Projector
Specification:
Type | DLP |
Projector Resolution | 1920 x 1080 | 4K HDR Support |
Contrast ratio | 10000:1 |
Brightness | 3500 Lumens |
Screen Size | Up to 300 in |
Built-in speakers | Yes |
Overview:
Our first recommendation is the BenQ TH685i 1080p Gaming Projector and it is a top-of-the-line gaming projector that should definitely be on your list. This projector comes with a ton of features that make it a standout choice for gamers, and it’s sure to take your gaming experience to the next level.
When we talk about its resolution, the projector has native FHD or 1080p resolution and also it can support 4K resolution with a refresh rate of 120Hz. Thus this projector is ideal for your gaming purpose.
The BenQ TH685i offers 3500 ANSI lumen brightness that provides you with brighter pictures while you are playing games. It is capable enough to projector 100-inch images from just 8.2 feet away. With stunning colors and 95% Rec. 709 color accuracy, this projector provides an immersive gaming experience that’s hard to beat.
But the BenQ TH685i is geared specifically toward gaming, with a low latency of 8.3ms@1080p/120Hz input lag, a Game Mode, and a Game Sound Mode that fine-tunes both audio and images for an optimal gaming experience.
The projector is also compatible with major consoles like Sony PS4, PS5, Nintendo Switch, Xbox One X, and Google Stadia, providing huge, bright, and sharp images with equalized audio.
In addition to its gaming features, the BenQ TH685i also offers endless entertainment options thanks to its Google-certified Android TV and Google Play store. With access to 5,000+ of the latest Android apps, movies, shows, live sports, games, music, and more, you’ll never run out of things to watch or play.
Why it’s best:
- 3500 ANSI lumen brightness; 1080p HDR-enabled w/4K compatibility
- Low latency 8.3ms@1080p/120Hz low input lag
- Compatible with major consoles like Sony PS4, PS5, Nintendo Switch, Xbox One X, Google stadia
- Google-certified Android TV and Google Play store, with 5,000+ of the latest Android apps, movies, shows, live sports, games, music, and more
- Cast with airplay and Chromecast. No app is needed.
- Remote controls both Android TV and projector
Pros
- User-friendly & Low input lag
- Stunning picture quality
- high brightness and HDR compatibility
- Wide compatibility with major gaming consoles
- Built-in Android TV and Google Play store
- Includes LumiExpert feature to reduce eye strain
Cons
- A built-in sound could be better
The Bottom Line:
The BenQ TH685i provides a decent amount of features that can enhance your gaming experience. So, it would be a considerable gaming projector as it offers high-quality images, low latency, and is compatible with major consoles.
#2. Optoma GT1080HDR Short Throw Gaming Projector
Specification:
Type | DLP |
Projector Resolution | 1920 x 1080 | 4K UHD Support |
Contrast ratio | 50000:1 |
Brightness | 3800 Lumens |
Screen Size | 36 – 307 in |
Built-in speakers | Yes, 10W Speaker |
Overview:
The next best 4K projector for your gaming need is the Optoma GT1080HDR Gaming Projector. This projector is designed to provide an immersive gaming experience.
The Optoma GT1080HDR Projector is HDR compatible and equippedHDR10 technology to produce brighter whites and deeper black levels. The 6-segment color wheel produces accurate colors, and the sRGB and REC. 709 color profile ensures that the image quality is top-notch.
In terms of the resolution of the projector, It has full HD 1080p resolution, providing a detailed and clear image. The lamp life is also impressive, with up to 15,000 hours of use.
When we talk about input lag in this projector, it has a fast response time of 8.4ms with a 120Hz refresh rate that quality makes it ideal for gamers who need lightning-fast response times.
It also has a short throw lens that allows for a large 120-inch image to be projected from just 4 feet away, making it perfect for smaller spaces. The Optoma GT1080HDR Gaming Projector is also incredibly bright, with 3,800 lumens and a 50,000:1 contrast ratio.
This projector has flexible connectivity options, with dual HDMI inputs that support 1.4a 3D. It also has a vertical keystone correction of +/- 40 degrees, which allows for off-center placement without having to elevate the projector.
Why it’s best:
- HDR is compatible with HDR10 technology and a 6-segment color wheel for accurate colors with sRGB & REC. 709 color profile
- Enhanced gaming mode with an 8.4ms response time and a 120Hz refresh rate
- Short throw lens for easy installation and placement closer to the screen
- Bright images with 3,800 Lumens and a 50,000:1 contrast ratio
- Long lamp life of up to 15,000 hours for up to 10 years of use
- Flexible connectivity with dual HDMI inputs and compatibility with gaming consoles, media players, and other HDMI devices
- Easy image set-up with vertical keystone correction +/- 40 degrees for flexible placement
- Versatile projector ideal for a variety of environments including family rooms, theater rooms, game rooms, and outdoor spaces
- Full 3D compatibility with support for 144Hz rapid-refresh rate and true 3D content from almost any source
Pros
- Fast response time and 120Hz refresh rate
- Short throw lens for easier installation in smaller spaces
- Bright and clear image quality
- Long lamp life of up to 15,000 hours
- Flexible connectivity options with dual HDMI inputs
Cons
- Only has full HD 1080p resolution, not true 4K
The Bottom Line:
Its impressive features and flexible connectivity make it a top pick for high-quality gaming requirements. Overall, the Optoma GT1080HDR Gaming Projector would be a great choice for you because of its versatility and high performance.
#3. XGIMI Aura 4K UHD Laser Projector
Specification:
Type | Laser |
Projector Resolution | 3840 x 2160 | 4K UHD |
Contrast ratio | N/A |
Brightness | 2400 Lumens |
Screen Size | 60 – 150 in |
Built-in speakers | Yes, 4 x15W Harman/Kardon |
Overview:
When it comes to laser projectors they are popular to provide better color accuracy. So next the best pick for a 4K GAming projector is the XGIMI Aura 4K UHD LaserProjector. This laser projector delivers razor-sharp imagery, HDR10 technology, and a wide DCI-P3 color gamut to create vivid, lifelike colors on a 120” screen.
In terms of the resolution of the projector, it has a stunning 4K UHD resolution of 3840 x 2160 along with a DCI-P3 color gamut and you can get crisp, vivid, and lifelike images.
The ultra-short throw technology allows you to place the projector just 11.7” away from any wall and get a 120” screen size. At the same time, the 8-point and 4-point keystone correction ensures an optimal viewing experience.
One of the standout features of the XGIMI Aura is its powerful Harman Kardon sound system, which features two tweeters and two woofers at 15W each, that are responsible for delivering premium room-filling surround sound. The projector also includes Android TV 10.0, giving you access to over 5000+ apps, and easily navigable via Google Assistant voice control.
Why it’s best:
- 4K UHD, 2400 ANSI lumens, DCI-P3 color gamut, and HDR10 technology deliver crisp images and vivid, lifelike colors
- Ultra-short throw technology allows you to place the projector just 11.7” away from any wall and get a 120” screen size
- Harman Kardon sound system with two tweeters and two woofers at 15W each delivers premium room-filling surround sound
- Android TV 10.0 provides easy access to over 5000+ apps and is easily navigable via Google Assistant voice control
- Intelligent eye protection with an integrated automatic light dimmer that detects any presence and immediately dims the laser
Pros
- Stunning 4K UHD resolution with HDR10 technology
- Ultra-short throw technology
- Harman Kardon sound with DTS HD and Dolby Audio
- Android TV 10.0 with Google Assistant voice control
- An integrated automatic light dimming for eye protection
Cons
- A bit heavy, Not portable one
- Lacks image focus
The Bottom Line:
Although it may be a bit pricey, its advanced features and cutting-edge technology make it an excellent investment for home cinema enthusiasts seeking top-of-the-line performance. Overall, the XGIMI Aura 4K UHD Laser Projector is a powerful and high-quality projector that delivers an exceptional viewing experience so you can own this undoubtedly.
#4. Optoma HD28HDR 1080p Projector
Specification:
Type | DLP |
Projector Resolution | 1920 x 1080 | 4K HDR Support |
Contrast ratio | 50000:1 |
Brightness | 3600 Lumens |
Screen Size | Up to 300 in |
Built-in speakers | Yes |
Overview:
The next pick for the best 4K projector for Gaming is theOptoma HD28HDR 1080p Projector! It provides stunning 1080p images for your gaming setup. This projector is a portable projector that packs next-generation technology, including HDR10 compatibility.
It has an impressive 50,000:1 contrast ratio, for sharp and detailed images without compression or downscaling.
The projector comes with 3,600 lumens of brightness and a 6-segment color wheel, thus it delivers vibrant and accurate color profiles for the ultimate gaming experience.
This device is equipped with the Enhanced Gaming Mode that ensures a fast response time of just 16ms with a 120Hz refresh rate. At the same time, Dynamic Black technology smooths lamp output to create high contrast, providing more depth to your gaming visuals.
This projector is perfect for movies, gaming, and more, with connectivity options to media players and gaming consoles, and support for true 3D content. And with a long lamp life of up to 15,000 hours, you can enjoy an average of 4 hours of viewing time every day for 10+ years.
Why it’s best:
- Enjoy clear, detailed 1080p images with 4K input
- A 50,000:1 contrast ratio without downscaling or compression.
- HDR10 technology provides brighter whites and deeper black levels for an enhanced viewing experience.
- With 3,600 lumens of brightness and a 6-segment color wheel, you’ll enjoy an incredibly bright and colorful image.
- Enhanced Gaming Mode enables a lightning-fast response time of 16ms with a 120Hz refresh rate
- Game Display Mode boosts shadows and dark scenes for greater visibility.
- Dynamic Black technology provides more depth to the image by smoothing lamp output to create high contrast.
- Connect to media players and gaming consoles for big-screen movies and gaming.
- HDMI-CEC technology enables control of the projector and connected devices using a single remote.
- The HD28HDR displays true 3D content from almost any 3D source
- Including 3D Blu-ray Disc players and game consoles.
Pros
- High-quality image with accurate color
- Fast response time and high refresh rate for gaming
- Long lamp life for low maintenance
- Supports true 3D content
- Long lamp life of up to 15,000 hours
Cons
- Lack of WiFi connection
- May not be suitable for large, bright rooms
The Bottom Line:
With a fast response time, high refresh rate, and accurate 3D support, this projector would be an excellent choice for you and you would enjoy an immersive gaming experience like no other. So you can go with this option to enhance your gaming experience with your friends.
#5. BenQ TK700STi 4K HDR Gaming Projector
Specification:
Type | DLP |
Projector Resolution | 3840 x 2160 | 4K HDR |
Contrast ratio | 10000:1 |
Brightness | 3000 Lumens |
Screen Size | Up to 150 in |
Built-in speakers | Yes, 5W Mono Speaker |
Overview:
The BenQ TK700STi 4K HDR Gaming Projector, is our next top pick for gamers looking for a powerful and immersive gaming experience. With the projector’s short throw feature, it can project big, bright, and sharp images even in tight spaces.
When we talk about the resolution of the projector, It has a display resolution of 4K or 3840 x 2160, so you can expect the picture quality sharp and vivid.
The projector has a low latency of 16ms at 4K/60Hz for minimal input lag, making it compatible with major consoles such as Sony PS4, PS5, Nintendo Switch, Xbox Series X, and Google Stadia.
Setting up the TK700STi is hassle-free, thanks to its 1.2x zoom flexible throw distances, 2D Auto Vertical Keystone, and Picture Rotation Adjustment for squared images.
With Google-certified Android TV and Google Play store, you can enjoy endless entertainment with over 5,000 of the latest Android apps, movies, shows, live sports, games, music, and more. Plus, you can easily cast with airplay and Chromecast without the need for any app.
Why it’s best:
- The TK700STi possesses short-throw capabilities
- Can project at shorter distances of up to 100 inches at 6.5ft
- The projector boasts low latency of 16ms at 4K/60Hz
- The TK700STi is compatible with major consoles such as Sony PS4, PS5, Nintendo Switch, Xbox Series X, and Google Stadia, delivering huge, bright, and sharp images with equalized audio.
- The 1.2x zoom flexible throw distances and 2D Auto Vertical Keystone
- The Google-certified Android TV and Google Play store offer access to over 5,000 of the latest Android apps, movies, shows, live sports, games, music, and more.
- The TK700STi allows you to cast with AirPlay and Chromecast without the need for an app.
Pros
- Short-throw capabilities
- Ideal for smaller gaming spaces.
- Low latency of 16ms at 4K/60Hz
- Compatible with major consoles and delivers huge, bright, and sharp images
- Easy to set up with 1.2x zoom
- Flexible throw distances and 2D Auto Vertical Keystone.
- User-friendly with casting and remote control capabilities
Cons
- Netflix is not natively available on this device.
- A bit expensive
The Bottom Line:
In summary, the BenQ TK700STi 4K HDR Gaming Projector is a powerful, user-friendly, and reliable projector that delivers a breathtaking gaming experience. Its short throw feature and low latency make it ideal for gamers with limited space, With its industry-leading warranty, you can enjoy peace of mind, making it a great investment for gamers. So, the BenQ TK700STi is definitely worth considering.
#6. Optoma UHD50X True 4K UHD Projector
Specification:
Type | 4K UHD DMD |
Projector Resolution | 3840 x 2160 | 4K UHD |
Contrast ratio | 500,000:1 |
Brightness | 3400 Lumens |
Screen Size | 34 – 300 in |
Built-in speakers | Yes |
Overview:
If you are in the market to own a top-of-the-line 4K projector that can deliver stunning gaming visuals and a home cinema experience, you can pick the Optoma UHD50X True 4K UHD Projector.
This projector offers a variety of features that make it a must-have for gamers and movie enthusiasts alike. With a display resolution of 3840 x 2160, you’ll experience high-quality visuals with 8.3 million distinct addressable on-screen pixels, resulting in crisp, clear images.
The Optoma UHD50X is the world’s first ultra-fast 240Hz gaming projector, providing blur-free visuals and unparalleled smoothness. The projector is equipped with Enhanced Gaming Mode that produces a 16ms response time, or 26ms at 4K UHD for the lowest input lag on a 4K projector. Plus, HDR10 and HLG technologies enable brighter whites and deeper black levels, taking your viewing experience to a whole new level.
Dynamic Black technology provides more depth to the image by smoothing lamp output to create a high contrast ratio of 500,000:1, making bright scenes appear clear while dark scenes remain detailed.
At the same time, UltraDetail technology ensures enhanced image sharpness with a higher frame rate, delivering crystal clear pictures. The RGBWRGBW 8 segment color wheel increases the color ratio, resulting in richer, more vivid, and cinematic images.
Why it’s best:
- With 8.3 million distinct addressable on-screen pixels, you’ll get a high-quality home cinema feel that’s hard to beat
- With a 16ms response time, or 26ms at 4K UHD
- Enjoy brighter whites and deeper black levels for an enhanced viewing experience of images and videos
- Dynamic Black technology provides more depth to the image
- Bright scenes appear clear while dark scenes remain detailed
- Whether ceiling mounted or placed on a table, get the picture just right with 1.3X zoom, 5-15% vertical lens shift, and ±40° keystone correction.
- UltraDetail technology ensures enhanced image sharpness with a higher frame rate to deliver a crystal-clear picture
- RGBWRGBW 8 segment color wheel increases the color ratio for richer, vivid, and cinematic images
- Connect with most media players, gaming consoles, PCs, Macs, and mobile devices with input options such as HDMI 2.0 inputs with HDCP 2.2 support, HDMI 4K, USB, VGA, and more.
Pros
- True 4K Ultra HD resolution
- HDR10 and HLG compatibility
- Dynamic Black technology for a high contrast ratio
- Flexible installation options
- 3,400 lumens of brightness
- Multiple input options
- Up to 15,000 hours of lamp life
Cons
- Pricey compared to other projectors in the market
- No built-in speakers
The Bottom Line:
This projector comes with impressive features and ultra-fast response time that you’ll enjoy crystal-clear visuals and unparalleled smoothness that can take your gaming to the next level. While it may be a bit pricey compared to other projectors on the market, the picture quality and features make it well worth the investment.
#7. Epson Home Cinema LS11000 4K PRO-UHD
Specification:
Type | LCD |
Projector Resolution | 3840 x 2160 | 4K UHD |
Contrast ratio | 1,200,000:1 |
Brightness | 2500 Lumens |
Screen Size | 50 – 300 in |
Built-in speakers | N/A |
Overview:
We come with our next Laser projector that comes with plenty of features that can handle your gaming needs. This projector features advanced pixel-shifting technology that works in parallel with three high-definition LCD chips to produce an exceptionally sharp and clear picture, even in rooms with some ambient light.
The projector has precision shift glass plate technology which is truly unique and responsible for digitally controlling the refraction of pixel light to display a 3840 x 2160 or 8.29-million-pixel image for a stunningly realistic visual experience.
If we talk about the brightness level of the projector, it comes with 2,500 lumens of color and 2,500 lumens of white brightness, thus this device can produce a high-quality picture in virtually any theater environment.
The Epson Picture Processor further enhances this by handling real-time color, contrast, HDR, frame interpolation, and resolution enhancement.
In terms of the light source of this projector, it has a laser array light source and is equipped with Multi-array laser diodes that are used to power the unique 3-chip 3LCD projector engine for incredible picture brightness, black contrast, and color accuracy.
This projector can accept 100% of the HDR source information to faithfully reproduce HDR, HDR10+, and HLG (Hybrid Log Gamma) content for exceptional visual performance. Real-time HDR curve adjustment allows for 16 steps of control to fine-tune the HDR performance regardless of the content.
The impressive contrast ratio of the Epson Home Cinema LS11000 is also worth noting. With a dynamic contrast ratio exceeding 1,200,000:1, it can take full advantage of the laser array light source to suppress stray light within the signal and enhance the picture contrast to produce a more realistic and vivid image.
Why it’s best:
- 4K PRO-UHD technology for advanced pixel-shifting
- Precision Shift Glass Plate Technology for a sharp and clear picture
- Epson Picture Processor for real-time color, contrast, HDR, frame interpolation, and resolution enhancement
- Laser Array Light Source for exceptional brightness, black contrast, and color accuracy
- Impressive 2,500 lumens of color and 2,500 lumens of white brightness
- True 3-Chip 3LCD Projector Engine for outstanding color gamut and brightness
- Full 10-bit HDR color processing for faithful reproduction of HDR, HDR10+, and HLG content
- 120 Hz Refresh Rate for smoother motion
- Dynamic Contrast Ratio exceeding 1,200,000:1 for impressive contrast
- Epson Cinema Lens for zero light leakage and outstanding image clarity and focus uniformity
Pros
- Exceptional picture brightness and color accuracy
- Sharp and clear picture thanks to advanced technology
- Faithful reproduction of HDR and HLG content for exceptional visual performance
- Smooth motion thanks to the 120 Hz refresh rate
Cons
- High price point compared to other gaming projectors
- The bulky design may be challenging to install in some setups
- Limited connectivity options compared to other projectors
The Bottom Line:
The Epson Home Cinema LS11000 would be an excellent choice for you because it can handle your gaming needs by producing high-definition content on a big screen. This gaming projector offers a dynamic contrast ratio exceeding 1,200,000:1 so with this much contrast ratio you can expect more bright and vivid picture quality.
Apart from gaming, you can also consider this projector for your home theater entertainment. However, it may be expensive and heavy, but the advanced technology and stunning visual performance make it a worthy investment.
Best 4K Projector For Gaming: FAQs
Is there any 4K 120Hz projector?
There are various options available that support 4K 120 Hz including BenQ TH685i 1080p, Optoma GT1080HDR, Optoma HD28HDR, and Epson Home Cinema LS11000.
Is 4K worth it for a projector?
It depends on your personal preference and usage. If you prioritize high resolution and want to play the games on a 4K projector, then a 4K projector might be worth it. However, if you don’t have any 4K content to play in a high-resolution projector, a 1080p or 720p projector may be sufficient for your needs.
Are projectors too slow for gaming?
All projectors have some input lags for gaming, but you can choose a model with a fast refresh rate and low input lag. Look for projectors with a refresh rate of at least 120Hz and an input lag of less than 30 milliseconds for the best gaming experience.
Is 4K better than a 1080p projector?
Yes, a 4K projector offers a higher resolution and sharper image quality than a 1080p projector. However, the difference may not be noticeable on smaller screens or with content that is not optimized for 4K resolution. It ultimately depends on your viewing preferences and budget.
Is 4K too much for gaming?
It depends on your preferences and requirements. 4K gaming requires a powerful gaming rig and a compatible 4K projector, which can be expensive. However, it can provide an immersive gaming experience with incredible visual details. If someone is interested in investing in a 4K gaming setup and has the budget for it, then it can be worth it.
Final Thoughts
As we’ve reached the end of our article, there are many great 4K projectors on the market that are perfect for gaming. Whether you’re looking for a high-end projector with all the bells and whistles or a more affordable option that still delivers a stunning picture, we’ve provided, there’s a projector out there for you.
We hope that with our buying guide, you consider factors like resolution, HDR capability, brightness, and input lag to find the best one for your gaming setup. And now you are ready to find the right projector for you that can take your gaming experience to the next level. Thank you for reading! Happy Shopping!
As an experienced Software Engineer in a Projection-Based Technology Company, I love sharing my Knowledge to utilize and help others to learn more about Projectors. Thus one can get the right Projector for their needs.